Lichen is an anthropozoonotic disease of various etiologies that affects the skin. Therefore, before choosing a treatment, it is necessary to determine its type.
The causative agent can be either a virus that primarily affects people with weakened immune systems, or a fungus that is transmitted through household contact.
In humans, skin rashes can result from stress, allergies, or an upper respiratory tract infection. As soon as the first symptoms of the disease appear, serious treatment must begin. A dermatologist will be able to correctly diagnose and prescribe an effective set of measures to combat the disease.
The scalp itself is affected by pityriasis versicolor or ringworm. The diseases are caused by microsporum or trichophyton fungi, which leads to hair loss.
Various forms of medications are used for treatment, but to treat areas of the scalp affected by lichen, it is recommended to use shampoos such as: Nizoral, Mycozoral, Keto-plus, Sebozol or Dermazol.
Methods to combat lichen
There are many ways to treat lichen. In practice the following are used:
- pharmaceutical ointments,
- cosmetic creams,
- specialized emulsions,
- talkers,
- folk remedies,
- internal medications,
- shampoos.
Medicinal formulations are not always justified and are unsafe. Therefore, you should pay attention to medicated shampoos. Their use is justified by the fact that they have a local effect on the affected areas. Similar compositions are also used for prophylactic purposes to prevent relapse.
Shampoo for lichen helps to overcome the following types of pathologies: ringworm, pityriasis, pink. After using this product, the following changes are observed:
- hair and scalp become healthy,
- after periodic use, dandruff disappears,
- there are no associated contraindications,
- There is an improvement in treatment and prevention,
- the fungus goes away instantly.
Each shampoo contains Ketoconazole. The products come in pink, orange or brown shades. To avoid adverse reactions, they must be used correctly and used like regular soap without appropriate indications is not advisable.
Contraindications
If individual intolerance to the drug occurs, it is better to consult with your doctor.
Like any potent drug, Nizoral has a number of contraindications for use:
- allergy to components,
- age up to 3 years,
- pregnancy and lactation period,
- renal or liver failure,
- acute and chronic liver diseases,
- lactose intolerance,
- lactase deficiency,
- glucose-galactose malabsorption syndrome.
Nizoral tablets are not recommended for use in cases of low stomach acidity, adrenal insufficiency, or alcoholism. The product cannot be used simultaneously with the following drugs:
- medications that have a toxic effect on the liver,
- ergot alkaloids: methylergometrine, ergometrine, dihydroergotamine, ergotamine,
- eplerenone,
- everolimus,
- nisoldipine,
- irinotecan,
- HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors: lovastatin, simvastatin,
- substrates of the cytochrome P450 isoenzyme CYP3A4.
Ignoring contraindications can lead to the development of negative symptoms, so before using Nizoral in tablet form, you should consult your doctor.
The best shampoos for ringworm
Pharmaceutical companies offer a large number of products, varying in price, quality, and convenience.
- Nizoral. Dermatologists prescribe this remedy if yeast-type fungi are detected. It has a beneficial effect on ringworm. The shampoo is suitable for dry, oily and normal hair. The drug is effective in the treatment of seborrheic psoriasis, as well as tinea versicolor. You can achieve a positive effect 7-10 days after the first use. Compared to other products, this shampoo is very expensive, 750-800 rubles, but has almost no contraindications.
- Ecoderm. This shampoo option helps inhibit fungal organisms. It is used in combination with other drugs. Used independently in case of indolent manifestations of the disease. The substances included in the product destroy infectious microorganisms in case of prolonged use. Most often, experts prescribe shampoo together with the drugs Sebozol and Nizoral.
- Keto Plus. Another effective remedy against lichen lesions. Ketoconazole in its composition contributes to the effective fight against fungal infectious processes and pityriasis versicolor. The medication actively moisturizes the scalp, prevents cell death and flaking, nourishes the skin and prevents the progression of the disease. The cost of one package of the drug in 60 ml is 350-400 rubles.
- Dermazol. The medicine contains two active substances: Ketoconazole and zinc pyrithione. They, actively interacting with each other, help get rid of lichen lesions, preserve the epidermis and hair, and relieve the main symptomatic signs of lichen. The cost of a 100 ml package of the composition is about 200-300 rubles.
- Skin cap. This remedy is used not only for lichen lesions, but also in the case of seborrhea, dermatitis, eczema, psoriasis, and pustular lesions. It cleanses the skin of various formations, relieves the patient from itching, scratching, pain and improves overall well-being. A competent approach to using the composition guarantees immediate results. The product is easy to use and, in comparison with its analogues, acts quickly and efficiently.
pharmachologic effect
Nizoral has significant antifungal properties, providing both fungistatic and fungicidal effects. The drug disrupts metabolic processes and the production of lipids and ergosterol, which are necessary for the creation of the cell membrane of the fungus. The destruction of the cell membrane prevents pathogens of fungal infections from forming colonies: they stop reproducing and gradually die.
Nizoral is effective against many types of pathogenic fungal organisms:
- yeast mushrooms,
- dimorphic fungi,
- dermatophytes,
- eumycetes,
- microsporia causing lichen,
- candid,
- cryptococks,
- streptococci,
- staphylococci,
- fungi that cause seborrhea.
Nizoral helps eliminate the symptoms of fungal infection, such as itching, peeling, rashes, alleviating and completely relieving them even before the pathogens are completely destroyed. When taken orally, Nizoral is well absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. The maximum concentration of the active substance in the blood is reached within two hours and is well excreted by the kidneys and intestines. When used topically, the product does not enter the bloodstream even after prolonged use.
Instructions for use
All of the above shampoos for humans are easy to use. Their action is based on the fact that they:
- cleanses the scalp of natural impurities,
- help neutralize rashes and get rid of them forever,
- eliminate itching and assist in therapy,
- prevent the development of lichen in the initial stages of its manifestation,
- moisturize, nourish, restore hair,
- saturate the scalp with essential nutrients.
If we talk about the features of such compositions, it can be noted that they should be used every day like a classic shampoo for washing hair. The amount of use depends on the length and thickness of the hair, as well as the severity of the damage. The traditional duration of the therapeutic process is 5-7 days, based on the instructions for use or medical prescriptions. If the product is used for prevention, it should be used longer, for 2-3 weeks.
Drug interactions
Nizoral is incompatible with ethanol and enhances the toxic effect of diphenine. When used together with oral contraceptives, the drug increases the risk of bleeding. The drug also helps to increase the concentration of indirect anticoagulants, cyclosporine and methylprednisolone in the blood plasma.
The effectiveness of the active substance Nizoral is reduced when taken simultaneously with the following drugs:
- antacids,
- choline blockers,
- H2-histamine receptor blockers,
- rifampicin,
- isoniazid.
Only a specialist can select complex therapy for each patient so as to avoid the negative interaction of Nizoral with other drugs. In topical forms, the product has no drug interactions.
Shampoos for the prevention of lichen
The above antifungal agents can be used not only as therapeutic compounds, but also for the prevention of skin lesions. It is important to take the following precautions:
- give preference not to bathing in the bathtub, but to taking a shower,
- do not rub your body too hard with a washcloth, as there is a risk of damaging the skin,
- do not use body oils,
- take a shower at least twice a day.
But the most important rule when using shampoos for lichen is a competent approach to their choice.
Side effects
The use of Nizoral tablets can cause a number of negative side effects:
- headaches,
- general weakness,
- sleep disorders,
- anxiety, fatigue,
- abdominal pain, indigestion,
- liver function disorder,
- decrease in pressure,
- gynecomastia,
- increased appetite,
- nosebleeds,
- myalgia,
- aversion to alcohol
- disruption of the menstrual cycle in women,
- allergic rashes, itching, flushing,
- fever, chills.
Most of these side effects occurred in less than one percent of patients. If the recommended dosages are observed and the patient has no contraindications to the use of the drug, the likelihood of its occurrence is extremely low.
When applied, Nizoral ointment can cause irritation and, in rare cases, allergies. It also provokes hives, increased sensitivity, rashes and itching.
Using shampoo can cause the following negative reactions:
- increased skin sensitivity,
- irritation of treated skin,
- itching,
- rashes,
- irritation of the membranes of the eyes, increased tearing,
- change in taste perception,
- folliculitis,
- skin tightness,
- change in hair structure and color,
In case of an overdose of the drug, patients experience weakness, lethargy, nausea, diarrhea, rashes, increased sweating, and abdominal pain. To prevent further intoxication, you need to take activated charcoal and do a gastric lavage.
Nizoral
In addition to cleansing and tanning agents, Nizoral contains an antifungal component - ketoconazole. It quickly penetrates the fungal cell, destroying it. The appearance of new spots stops, old ones heal, and the hairline is restored.
Nizoral is a leader among other anti-lichen drugs for people. It needs to be used every day for a week. Shown even to babies. But women in the 1st-2nd trimester of pregnancy need to consult a doctor.
It is widely used by people in prevention when there is a risk of contracting lichen.
It is in a high price category (750-800 rubles), unlike its analogues.
Sebozol
Sebozole is also used as a treatment for lichen on the human body. But unlike the previous medications we considered, it contains only 1% ketoconazole, while the ones we previously described contained all 2%.
Sebozol exerts its antifungal effect by controlling the number of the lipophilic yeast-like fungus Malasesia, which is part of normal human skin. In addition, Sebozol contains neutral components that can provide gentle cleansing of the skin and prevent skin irritation.
100 ml of this product can be purchased for 300 - 400 rubles.
Analogues and cost
The cost of Nizoral in the form of ointment and shampoo ranges from 500 to 800 rubles. The price of the drug in tablet form starts from 800 rubles and varies depending on the specific place of purchase.
The drug has a number of analogues in group and pharmacological action:
- Ketoconazole,
- Dermazol,
- Mycozoral,
- Mikoket,
- Livorol,
- Sebozol,
- Mikanisal,
- Ketodin,
- Ketozoral,
- Zalain,
- Onabeth,
- Kandibene,
- Kanesten,
- Fungisan,
- Funginok,
- Dirty,
- Kenazol,
- Oronazole,
- Ebercept.
Most analogues have a more affordable price and are no less effective than Nizoral
Preventive measures
Prevention helps a person prevent the development of ringworm, lichen planus, and lichen planus. To prevent the development of lichen it is necessary:
- Take a shower, not a bath. Fungal spores may remain on its wall. To attend public showers, wear rubber slippers.
- For the body, choose a non-hard washcloth, and do not use someone else’s.
- If there is an increased risk of infection, it is better for a person to avoid masks and scrubs that injure the skin.
- Swim 2 times a day.
- Once a week for a month, wash with antifungal shampoo - “Dermazol”, “Cinovit”, “Exoderm”, “Keto Plus”, “Sebozol”
Antifungal shampoo is the simplest, inexpensive method to deal with lichen. Treatment can be done at home. In addition to deprivation, dandruff disappears and the scalp becomes healthier.
Dermazol
Contains 2 main components: ketoconazole and zinc pyrithione. They help a person get rid of lichen that affects the epidermis and hair, and relieve unpleasant symptoms - itching, irritation, dryness, flaking. Ketoconazole stops the growth of sunburn spots; they disappear after a few days. The sebaceous glands begin to work better.
Application regimen: 1 time daily for 1-2 weeks. But real reviews report that 2 weeks is not enough.
It is often necessary to extend therapy for 2-3 weeks. Rarely, a person develops an allergy, hair color changes, dryness, flaking of the scalp occurs. The cost of a 100 ml bottle in pharmacies varies between 200-300 rubles.
Mycozoral
Antifungal shampoo that helps get rid of pityriasis versicolor, dandruff, seborrhea. Reviews indicate that after 3-5 days of use, itching, irritation, and pain in people disappeared.
It can be used at any age and condition. Ketoconazole, which is part of the product, does not completely penetrate the body. Rare side effects include local reactions: dryness, burning of the scalp, hair loss. If these symptoms appear, it is recommended to stop treatment with shampoo and go to the doctor.
To treat pityriasis versicolor in humans, a course of 10 days with daily use is required. If recovery does not occur, you can extend it for 2 weeks.
For preventive purposes against lichen, as well as to eliminate dandruff and seborrhea, the drug must be used for 30-60 days. Wash your hair once a week.
If a person has previously used hormonal ointments or anti-fungal tablets, they cannot be stopped immediately. The dosage is reduced over the course of a week until it stops completely.
We treat with what is at hand
In the treatment of lichen, apple cider vinegar has proven itself, in which you need to moisten a small piece of gauze and apply it to the areas of infection for 10 minutes up to 6 times a day.
A compress made from grated beets and honey in equal proportions is effective. The mixture must be applied to the affected area, covered with a film on top and left for several hours.
Lichen ruber, the treatment of which with folk remedies shows quite successful results, will disappear after applying a compress based on sea buckthorn oil. To enhance the effect, it is recommended to take a teaspoon orally with meals during treatment.
For lichen contracted from animals, a compress of fresh lemon drops is effective. They need to be kept on the skin for a few seconds, after which the procedure is repeated again after 3 hours. The acid contained in lemon inhibits the fungus, causing a speedy recovery.
Keto Plus
An anti-lichen shampoo that helps not only get rid of fungus, but also improve the condition of the scalp and reduce the risk of developing the disease in the future in a person.
Its advantage is a unique formula consisting of ketoconazole and zinc pyrithione. The first component destroys the fungus that causes lichen, reduces its spread, the second improves the functioning of the sebaceous glands and moisturizes.
It is more expensive than Mikozoral, but it works better. You can buy a 60 ml bottle for 350-400 rubles.
Preventive measures for the disease
The disease is easily susceptible to the action of medications, both for external use and for oral administration. But often a relapse of infection may occur, which will require starting all manipulations all over again.
To stop re-infection, certain requirements must be met:
- Bed and underwear must be boiled.
- Iron the linen on both sides.
- Use disinfectants when carrying out wet cleaning of premises.
- It is useful to wipe the body with cool water with the addition of lemon juice, especially in hot climates. Lemon juice can be replaced with vinegar or salicylic alcohol.
- Personal hygiene items and towels must be for sole use.
- Reduce visits to public places: baths, swimming pools, saunas, showers.
- Reduce time spent in open sun. You can wear clothes that hide areas of your body as much as possible.
- Use sunscreen cosmetics.
Following basic personal hygiene requirements will help you avoid primary or repeated fungal infections.
special instructions
If you have general weakness of the body, it is better not to use Nizoral.
Nizoral tablets have a toxic effect on the liver, so they should be used only in cases where local therapy does not have the desired effect, and the infectious agent is resistant to other types of antifungal agents.
Self-medication with this drug orally is unacceptable: therapy should be prescribed by a doctor, having first checked the functioning of the liver and ruled out the presence of chronic pathologies. During the course of treatment, it is necessary to constantly monitor the functioning of the liver and kidneys, monitor the condition of peripheral vessels, since even patients who are not at risk may develop toxic liver damage. For patients who have suffered intoxication or have elevated levels of liver enzymes, Nizoral is prescribed only in extreme cases, subject to strict control over liver functions.
If the following symptoms appear, you should immediately stop taking the drug and consult a doctor:
- nausea, vomiting,
- epigastric pain,
- general weakness,
- yellowing of the skin, sclera,
- darkening of urine
- critical weight loss.
The absorption of the drug with reduced stomach acidity significantly worsens: to increase the absorption of the active substance, you can take it simultaneously with acidic drinks.
