How and why they arise
Red spots on the face are inflamed areas of the epidermis, in the cells of which blood microcirculation is impaired.
Inflammation of the deep layers of the skin occurs when a large amount of sebum accumulates in the sebaceous gland. The growth of microorganisms begins, and the body sends leukocytes to fight them.
As a result of their “confrontation,” pus is formed, around which the dermis becomes inflamed and pimples (acne) appear. In the affected areas, even after the rashes have healed, the walls of small capillaries are damaged. Blood flow is increased and, at the same time, outflow is impaired.
Thus, disruption of normal blood microcirculation leads to persistent redness in some areas of the skin.
Factors that provoke the appearance of acne, etc. As a result, there are a lot of red spots on the face. We list them in the table below.
Table - Causes of acne and red spots on the face.
| Occurrence condition | Consequence | Description |
| Puberty, thyroid disease | hormonal and endocrine imbalance | increased testosterone levels stimulate hypersecretion of the sebaceous glands and an increase in sebum |
| Menstrual cycle | progesterone production | the hormone makes the skin stretchable, stimulates the sebaceous glands and retains fat in the skin |
| Ovarian dysfunction and other diseases of the female reproductive system | increased sensitivity to testosterone | testosterone stimulates hypersecretion of the sebaceous glands and an increase in sebum |
| Stress, increased physical activity, poor diet, intense exposure to UV radiation on the skin | immune system failure | activation of corynebacteria acnes, yeast-like fungus and pyogenic cocci due to decreased immune defense |
| autonomic nervous system imbalance | increased tone of innervation of the sebaceous glands and hyperproduction of sebum | |
| Diseases of the digestive system, liver | intoxication of the body | Toxins are released through the skin and form acne. |
| Diseases of the kidneys and genitourinary system | disruption of the production of female hormones | |
| Infectious diseases | increase in toxicity | decreased resistance to bacteria leading to acne |
| Heredity | genetic predetermination of skin type | a large percentage of the appearance of acne depends on the presence of such a rash in the parent |
| Cosmetical tools | clogged pores | the product clogs the gland ducts, they become inflamed and acne forms |
| Taking certain medications | hormonal imbalance | lack of estrogen in women; in men – an increase in testosterone production stimulates hypersecretion of the sebaceous glands and an increase in sebum |
| allergic reaction | skin rashes | |
| dysbiosis of the gastrointestinal tract | toxins are eliminated by the skin, as a result, acne forms on the face together with bacteria | |
| Lack of vitamin A and E | dryness, flaking of the skin, impaired regeneration of the skin epithelium | Acne marks are more pronounced and last longer |
Age spots and other skin changes
Pigment spots subsequently form at the site of localization of the rash. Cicatricial deformations of the skin may be observed. Enlarged pores appear.
In medicine, these changes are called post-acne or residual acne.
The reasons that lead to the formation of acne also affect the appearance of age spots on the face.
Hormonal and endocrine disorders, taking certain medications increase the effect of melanostimulating hormone. Excessive melanin production pigments the skin of the face.
The color of age spots can vary from yellow to brown or even black.
To reduce the level of melanin pigment, they take medications and use cosmetic procedures. For mild forms of pigmentation, home remedies are limited.
If pigment spots and redness of the skin are formed at the level of the outer layer, then scars are caused by damage to the deeper dermis. Scar marks are more pronounced. It is more difficult to fight them, but you need to know that it is easier to cure them while they are fresh.
Scars form not only from inflammation, but also as a result of mechanical injuries.
The skin is injured after low-skilled mechanical peeling, self-squeezing of acne, without following hygiene rules, as well as from rough cosmetic procedures.
If your facial skin is prone to acne, you should first think about its safety and not subject it to dubious procedures again. Avoid touching with your hands or foreign objects to avoid unnecessary infection.
Find out how to relieve acne inflammation on your face. How to properly squeeze out a pimple on your face? The answer is in this article.
Folk remedies for skin whitening in intimate places
Among the many skin whitening products for intimate areas used at home, there are those that have a fairly strong effect, but can cause side effects - allergic reactions, impaired pigmentation of the skin, or even dermatitis, and there are also completely safe ones, but they do not such pronounced results. One of the important conditions for carrying out any whitening procedures is the mandatory protection of the skin from ultraviolet radiation, which significantly increases the production of melanin. Therefore, while using any skin lightening products when visiting the beach or solarium, it is necessary to use sunscreen cosmetics with an SPF of at least 25 units.
Skin whitening in intimate areas usually occurs in two stages, the first of which consists of exfoliating the stratum corneum of the epidermis, and the second of reducing the synthesis of melanin. Exfoliation (peeling) of the skin is carried out using special products, which include various alpha hydroxy acids (glycolic, citric, lactic and others). You can also use mercury ointment, salicylic alcohol (20%), aspirin tablets diluted in water, hydrogen peroxide, or even regular granulated sugar mixed with olive oil for these purposes.
The choice of exfoliating products depends on the severity of pigmentation and the sensitivity of the skin. Before peeling in intimate places, you need to remove hairs in the bikini area in any convenient way, and after two hours, apply the selected composition to the skin with light circular movements. The procedure should take no more than 5 minutes, after which the skin should be rinsed with warm water.
How to remove acne spots on the face with pharmaceutical products
Pharmaceutical products are quite effective against age spots.
Conventionally, they can be divided into 3 large groups:
- agents that suppress pigment production;
- products that whiten pigment spots;
- products that exfoliate age spots.
The first are gels for external use that suppress melanin production. They contain koyenoic and azelaic acids, arbutin and magnesium ascorbyl-2-phosphate.
Creams based on hydroquinone and lotions with trans-retinoic acid whiten dark pigment spots, remove skin redness.
They can prevent the further appearance of scars and scars, but before using them, you should consult your doctor.
Solutions with alpha and beta hydroxy acids have a peeling effect. Acid-containing lotions are applied to the site of inflammation before bedtime. With their help, excess production of the skin glands is removed, the skin is calmed, and age spots are exfoliated.
Treatment
You can remove age spots from acne with the help of medications. It is better to be advised by a doctor.
Usually he prescribes:
- Medicinal ointments and creams containing hydroquinone. The drug should have a whitening effect. They must be used in doses and strictly for their intended purpose. Excessive use of these products can cause skin cancer.
- For treatment, products containing various acids are used. They are ways to exfoliate and brighten the desired area. This could be a scrub or citric acid.
- Good results appear when using azelaic acid.
- A specialist may prescribe the use of drugs that will prevent the production of large amounts of melanin.
In this case, you can additionally use cosmetics.
It can be:
- A beauty salon may offer special procedures. Microcurrent therapy or photothermiosis is usually used. When using them, you can achieve restoration of skin color and normalization of metabolism in the skin area. There is also an acceleration in the restoration of the normal color of the epidermis. Blood circulation in the vessels will be much better, so elastin and collagen will be produced, which will help improve the health of the skin;
- To restore the damaged area of the skin, you can cleanse it using peeling. To do this, use a special acid and supplement it with retinoids;
- Positive results can be obtained using laser resurfacing or mechanical dermabrasion.
You need to select methods with the help of a specialist. At the initial stage, you should contact a dermatologist, and he will be able to prescribe the necessary treatment.
Removal at home
There are a huge number of simple home treatments. Basically, these are homemade masks made from natural ingredients.
Their effectiveness depends on the correct selection of ingredients, preliminary assessment of the reaction on a small area of skin and the use of only fresh products in preparation.
Taken together, homemade masks should have an antibacterial, anti-pigmentation and drying cosmetic effect.
The most effective ones are prepared according to the following recipes:
- mask made of white clay and lemon. Mix 1 tablespoon of white clay with 2 teaspoons of lemon, add a little water until it becomes a thick “sour cream” and apply to pigmented areas for 15 minutes;
- mask made from badyagi and clay. Clay and bodyagi powder are mixed in 1:1 proportions and adjusted with hydrogen peroxide to a thick “sour cream” state. The finished mask is applied only to age spots. If your skin is sensitive, this mask is not suitable for it;
- cleansing mask – scrub made from honey and aspirin. Two crushed aspirin tablets are diluted with a small amount of water and then mixed with one teaspoon of honey. The finished mask is applied to the face with massage movements, avoiding the eye area. Wash off after 10 minutes with warm water.
For problematic skin with enlarged pores, a mask made from fruit puree and starch is suitable. It is made at the rate of 2 tablespoons of starch per 1 grated green apple. Then, you can apply a white clay mask.
Prevention of occurrence
To prevent acne, you must always keep your skin clean. The skin of the face is an open area that is more susceptible to dust than any other area. Also, the use of decorative cosmetics such as foundation, cream, powder contributes to clogging of pores and blockage of the ducts of the sebaceous glands. All this provokes the appearance of inflammation. It is important to wash off makeup and moisturize your skin before going to bed. Additional care measures, scrubs, nourishing and cleansing masks will help keep the dermis fresh and clean.
Proper nutrition contributes to the disappearance of defects, and bad habits affect its condition.
If pimples appear on your face, you need to properly treat them with disinfectants and try not to squeeze them out prematurely, injuring the skin and increasing inflammation.
Removing red spots and marks in the salon by a cosmetologist
Some acne leaves not only pigment spots, but also deep marks. Independent skin restoration can last for years, but you want to be beautiful right now. For such cases, there is heavy artillery - modern hardware cosmetology.
It involves the use of the latest cosmetic procedures that will restore smooth texture and healthy complexion to the skin in the shortest possible time. It is important to have them done by a certified cosmetologist.
Such procedures include:
- phytotherapy;
- cryotherapy;
- laser removal;
- chemical peeling.
Phototherapy is a type of treatment with special devices (lamps, lasers) that produce red and blue waves of a certain length.
Studies have shown that such irradiation has an anti-inflammatory effect and reduces the number of bacteria that cause acne. It is capable of producing stable remission for several years after just a few procedures.
Cryotherapy. This procedure involves short-term exposure to low temperatures of liquid nitrogen on problem areas of the skin. At the same time, a pleasant chill is felt.
Cryomassage perfectly stimulates the skin's immunity. Eliminates inflammation and age spots.
Laser removal is a procedure for treating age spots using light. The laser acts on the cells of the sebaceous glands and reduces the secretion they secrete. The bactericidal properties of the stream kill pathogenic bacteria.
Pigment spots literally evaporate. The skin texture is evened out. A highly effective product, it is painless and safe. Copes even with deep scars.
Chemical peeling involves applying certain acids to age spots. These are peelings that eliminate pigmentation and prevent its further appearance. In addition, this procedure solves the problem of enlarged pores.
As after the other above procedures, redness of the skin may be observed in the first days. But everything goes away in just a couple of days. You should attend these procedures with the direction of a dermatologist.
Photo: Before and after
The question of how to remove acne spots is currently being solved and involves choosing one of the answer options. You can find an effective treatment at home.
See how to clear your skin of acne from the inside. How to get rid of acne on a teenager's face? Details here.
How can you remove acne? Read on.
Seek help from specialists using a pharmacy. Or go for a hardware procedure to a cosmetologist. A little effort, a little more time and the skin will once again glow with health and beauty.
