The appearance of any cosmetic defects on the face can affect your appearance. One of the common problems is a wen on the forehead, cheeks or other parts of the facial skin. They often arise spontaneously and, having reached a certain size, remain unchanged for a long time. In rare cases, wen may continue to grow, requiring timely removal. At its core, a lipoma is a benign tumor of adipose tissue that appears anywhere there is adipose tissue.
About lipoma on the forehead
A lipoma on the forehead is not dangerous to humans. It rarely degenerates into a malignant tumor. The neoplasm has the following distinctive features:
- shape with clear boundaries;
- slow growth does not cause pain;
- when pressed, the tumor moves to the side;
- the skin over the neoplasm retains its previous structure and color.
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There are several types of lipomas depending on the location and structure of the tumor. On the forehead appear:
- Milium. Externally they resemble whiteheads. Milia are small in size. They occur against the background of blockage of the ducts through which sebum is released.
- Xanthelasma. It is a flat, yellow neoplasm. It rises slightly above the surface of the skin. Mainly localized on the eyelid. It is considered a more dangerous type of tumor, as it originates in the deep layers of the skin.
- Fibrous tumors. The internal structure of the wen consists of adipose and connective tissue.
- Diffuse. The most common type of tumor. Formed from adipose tissue.
The sizes of wen on the forehead vary from a few millimeters to tens of centimeters in diameter. The substance that fills lipomas is contained in a capsule.
The frequency of spread of such neoplasms does not depend on the patient’s age and gender.
Causes
The exact reasons for the appearance of lipoma on the forehead have not yet been established. It is believed that such neoplasms arise due to blockage of the sebaceous glands. More often, lipomas on the forehead and other parts of the body are formed due to metabolic disorders, malfunctions of internal organs, circulatory and lymphatic systems.
Among the probable causes of the appearance of wen on the forehead are the following factors:
- dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract;
- hereditary predisposition, in which a person has the formation of an excess amount of adipose tissue at the DNA level;
- liver pathologies;
- dysfunction ;
- violation of metabolic processes;
- diseases of the endocrine system;
- diseases of the thyroid or pancreas;
- dysfunction ;
- malfunction of the sebaceous glands.
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Wen often forms in people with diabetes. Predisposing factors also include:
- sedentary lifestyle;
- a strong blow that provoked active growth of adipose tissue;
- improper diet (active consumption of fatty foods);
- age-related changes.
A fatty deposit forms in the part of the forehead where the sebaceous ducts are blocked. In addition, the neoplasm is formed due to a change in the consistency of sebum.
What to do if the wen decomposes
With constant mechanical damage, trauma, or rubbing, the lipoma can become inflamed and open on its own. This produces pus with an unpleasant odor. If a wen formed on the forehead decomposes and smells, you should contact a surgeon as soon as possible. Caring for a ruptured lesion is no different from caring for purulent wounds.
What to do before visiting the doctor:
- Remove exudate with an alcohol swab.
- You should not smear with iodine to allow the surgeon to examine the pathology in its original color.
- Cover with a bandage.
Symptoms
The wen on the forehead has a dense consistency. During palpation of the lipoma, the patient does not experience pain. There is no connection between the neoplasm and neighboring tissues, so when pressure is applied it moves to the side.
Mostly single lipomas appear on the forehead. If several wen are formed, over time they can form a large tumor.
Neoplasms are characterized by slow growth. The following can accelerate their development:
- injuries;
- constant pressure or friction;
- bruises.
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Lipomas on the body do not pose a danger to the body. They create cosmetic discomfort. Due to the fact that the wen is located on the forehead, during hygiene procedures there is a possibility of damage to the skin on the surface of the neoplasm.
This can lead to infection of the lipoma. The inside of the tumor is filled with fatty tissue. Such conditions are favorable for the development of pathogenic microorganisms.
If a lipoma is infected with bacterial microflora, there is a danger of infection entering the brain. The presence of an inflammatory process in the wen can be determined by the pain that occurs when pressure is applied. Reddened skin and itching also indicate infection.
Active growth of a wen in rare cases indicates its degeneration into liposarcoma. When pressing on such a tumor, the patient experiences pain. Liposarcoma, unlike a wen, connects with neighboring tissues. Therefore, during palpation it remains motionless.
Diagnostics
To diagnose a wen on the forehead, an external examination is often sufficient. Additionally, radiography and ultrasound are prescribed. The last method is considered the most informative, since through it it is possible to find out the following circumstances:
- the true size of the tumor;
- the presence of fat cells inside the lipoma;
- exclude signs of liposarcoma.
In addition to ultrasound, a fine-needle biopsy is prescribed, which makes it possible to accurately identify a malignant neoplasm.
Treatment
Treatment tactics for lipoma on the forehead are determined taking into account several factors:
- size ;
- absence of malignant tumor;
- preferences regarding the choice of treatment method.
It is not recommended to avoid treating a wen on the forehead. As the lipoma increases in size, the tumor compresses the blood vessels that lie in the immediate vicinity. As a result, local tissues receive insufficient oxygen and nutrients. This leads to the development of necrosis.
In addition, its close location to the brain creates certain prerequisites for the development of meningitis and other dangerous complications. They occur against the background of the spread of a bacterial infection introduced into the lipoma through an open wound.
If the tumor on the forehead is small, the doctor may limit treatment to drug therapy. To get rid of the tumor, use:
- ointment . It has antibacterial properties. The ointment must be applied to the tumor in a thick layer, then covered with an adhesive plaster or bandage.
- Ichthyol ointment. The product has antibacterial and antiseptic properties. Used in the same way as the previous ointment.
Treatment of a wen using ointments takes several weeks. This therapy is not always effective. If the growth of the tumor does not stop, it is necessary to choose another treatment method.
It is important to note that the use of traditional medicine in the fight against wen is extremely contraindicated. The use of various compresses can lead to the development of serious complications: violation of tissue integrity, abscess.
In a hospital setting, drug treatment for lipoma involves injecting a special substance (steroids) directly into the tumor. A thick needle is used to insert it. The substance promotes the resorption of tumors. The lipoma completely disappears in about two months after administration of the drug.
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It is possible to remove a small lipoma from the forehead using cosmetic procedures:
- Chemical peeling. During the procedure, deep cleansing of the skin is carried out, thereby eliminating blockages of the sebaceous glands. Chemical peeling is recommended as a preventive measure for the formation of fatty deposits.
- exposure . Indicated for patients with sensitive skin.
- Mechanical cleaning.
- Electrocoagulation.
If the tumor is large or treatment by other means has not brought positive results, surgical removal of the wen is prescribed.
There are several methods to combat this tumor.
Open surgery
The procedure involves making an incision on the surface of the wen and removing its contents. The operation is performed in a hospital setting under local or general anesthesia. If there is suppuration, the doctor performs antiseptic treatment of the cavity. After the procedure, a scar remains on the forehead.
Puncture-aspiration method
It involves inserting a needle connected to a pump into the tumor. The latter pumps out the contents of the lipoma. This method is not used to treat large neoplasms and tumors consisting of fibrous tissue. After such treatment, the capsule remains, which increases the risk of reappearance of the wen.
Radiofiber coagulation
Lipoma removal is carried out using a radio wave laser. The method is considered the most effective, as it does not lead to the development of complications.
Laser therapy
The method is considered minimally invasive. Exposing the tumor to a laser eliminates the possibility of blood poisoning. After the procedure, there is no scar left on the forehead.
Cryodestruction
The tumor is removed by treating it with liquid nitrogen. The main advantage of cryodestruction compared to surgery is that after the first procedure there are no scars left on the forehead.
After removing the wen from the forehead, the tissue is sent for histological examination. It is carried out to exclude a malignant tumor.
Inflammation
Inflammation occurs as a result of tissue trauma, as the body’s response to surgery. The degree of the inflammatory response may vary. The appearance of a red-pink hue and swelling is considered completely acceptable and does not require specific therapy.
However, if there is severe swelling, hyperemia (intense redness), or pain upon palpation, you should immediately consult a doctor, since such conditions may indicate the development of inflammation or the possible addition of a secondary infection. In this case, it is advisable, in addition to local treatment, to prescribe antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs.
Slight swelling of the tissue in the wound area is not considered a reason to panic. This is just the body’s response to a violation of the integrity of the skin.
If the swelling is significant, redness of the area is noted, and when palpated, a fluctuation is felt (as if a subcutaneous ball of water), this means the appearance of a liquid component, most likely purulent masses. Treatment includes sanitation of the lesion, the use of antibacterial ointments, possibly with parallel intramuscular administration of antibiotics.
Prevention
It is not always possible to prevent the development of another wen. In the presence of lipid and fat metabolism disorders caused by genetic predisposition, measures to prevent lipoma recurrence are ineffective.
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In other cases, to avoid the reappearance of a tumor on the forehead, it is recommended:
- strengthen the immune system;
- regularly perform hygiene measures;
- promptly treat diseases that can lead to lipoma;
- to refuse from bad habits;
- normalize metabolism ;
- adjust the diet (abstain from fatty foods, carcinogens, preservatives).
It is possible to stabilize metabolic processes through walks in the fresh air and physical activity.
Large wen put pressure on neighboring sweat glands, which leads to their deformation. In severe cases, lipoma provokes the formation of stagnant processes in the blood vessels located in the immediate vicinity of the tumor.
As a result, local tissues do not receive sufficient nutrients, which leads to their gradual death.
Basic recommendations from doctors
Every day after removing the lipoma, the treated area must be treated with a disinfectant solution or alcohol. Usually, to avoid possible consequences and pain, doctors prescribe antibiotics. In addition, the patient is recommended to undergo bed rest and avoid physical exercise. It is also necessary to exclude fatty, salty foods from your diet. You should only eat the right foods. It should be remembered that, first of all, this is a surgical intervention, which is stressful for the body, despite the fact that the patient may not feel it. First of all, it is necessary to remember that this period is very important to exclude the occurrence of possible consequences in the future. Due to this, all procedures carried out during this period must be comprehensive.
